A Theory Of Errors in Quantum Measurement

A Theory Of Errors in Quantum Measurement

It is common to model the random errors in a classical measurement by the normal (Gaussian) distribution, because of the central limit theorem. In the quantum theory, the analogous hypothesis is that the matrix elements of the errors of an observable are distributed normally. We obtain the probability distribution this implies for the outcome of a measurement, exactly for the case of traceless ...

collocation errors in translations of the holy quran

the present study aims at identifying, classifying and analyzing collocation errors made by translators of the holy quran into english.findings indicated that collocationally the most acceptablt translation was done by ivring but the least appropriate one made by pickthall.

Operational Quantum Theory; Measurement Theory

Errors of MEasurEMEnt , thEory , and Public Policy

Errors of measurement arise because our observations are affected by many sources of variability, but our conceptual frameworks necessarily ignore much of this variability. Sources of variability that are not included in our models and descriptions of phenomena are treated as error or noise. A good theory of error supports the development of precise measurements, clearly defined constructs and ...

Quantum decision theory as quantum theory of measurement

We present a general theory of quantum information processing devices, that can be applied to human decision makers, to atomic multimode registers, or to molecular high-spin registers. Our quantum decision theory is a generalization of the quantum theory of measurement, endowed with an action ring, a prospect lattice and a probability operator measure. The algebra of probability operators plays...